Abathengi kufanele baqhathanise umthamo wamaloli okulahlwa ngokubala inani eliphansi elivunyelwe lokukhokhelwa ngaphansi kwazo zonke izithiyo ezifanele: isisindo sangempela se-tare, umthwalo okhokhelwa umkhiqizi, izilinganiso zemoto yonke kanye ne-asi, izilinganiso zamasondo nokumiswa, imikhawulo yomgwaqo wendawo, umthamo womzimba, ukuminyana kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izimo zomzila, nenqubomgomo yokusebenza. Ukubalwa kwe-ekseli kukodwa akusunguli umthamo osemthethweni noma okhiqizayo, futhi ama-cubic metres angeke aqhathaniswe ngaphandle kwezinto ezihudulwayo.
Umzimba omkhulu ungafinyelela umkhawulo wesisindo esisemthethweni ngaphambi kokuba ugcwale lapho udonsa amatshe aminyene, kuyilapho into elula ingase igcwalise umzimba ngaphambi kokufinyelela ekukhokheni okuvumelekile. Iloli elisebenza kahle ngaphandle komgwaqo kungenzeka futhi lingawufanelekeli umzila womgwaqo womphakathi one-ekseli ehlukene kanye nemikhawulo yobukhulu.
Imibandela Yokulahla Iloli Abathengi Kumele Bahlukane
| Ithemu | Incazelo ku-RFQ | Kungani kubalulekile |
| Isisindo se-Tare/curb | Isisindo sangempela seloli ekucushweni okucashuniwe, nesimo esichaziwe sikaphethiloli nemishini | Ukukhokha kuqala ngemuva kwe-tare |
| I-GVWR/GVM | Isibalo esiphezulu semoto esivunyelwe esishiwo semoto | Umkhawulo owodwa ophezulu |
| Izilinganiso ze-ekseli | Ukulayisha okuvunyelwe ku-ekseli ngayinye noma iqembu le-asikilishi | Ukusabalalisa okungalungile kungakhawulela ukulayisha ngaphambi kwesisindo esiphelele |
| Iholo elilinganiselwe | Umthamo oshiwo womkhiqizi wokuthwala ngaphansi kwezimo ezichaziwe | Kufanele iqhathaniswe nemikhawulo yezomthetho neyengxenye |
| Umthamo womzimba | Ijiyomethrikhi ishaye noma inqwabelene ngevolumu ngendlela eshiwo | Iguqula ukuminyana kwezinto kube isisindo esilindelekile |
| Ukukhokhelwa okusemthethweni | Ukukhokha kuvunyelwe endaweni kanye nasemzileni wangempela | Ingase ibe ngaphansi kwesilinganiso semoto |
| Umthwalo okhiqizayo | Inkokhelo esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo yokusebenza nokuphepha kwemikhumbi | Ishayela umjikelezo wezomnotho |
1. Thola Imali Yangempela Yokucushwa Okucashuniwe
U-Tare ushintsha ngokuthi:
- Ukucushwa kwe-Chassis ne-axle.
- Ikhebhu.
- Injini nokudluliswa.
- Amathangi kaphethiloli.
- Amathayi.
- Impahla yomzimba kanye nobukhulu.
- Uhlelo lweHydraulic.
- I-Tailgate.
- I-Liner.
- Isondo eliyisipele.
- Amathuluzi nezinto ozikhethela zona.
Ungaqhathanisi amanani e-tare encwajana uma imizimba nezinketho kuhluka. Cela obhidayo ngamunye ukuthi asho isimo sokukala futhi anikeze isilinganiso sokusabalalisa ukhula kwe-axle-by-ekseli.
2. Hlola I-Gross ne-Axle Izingqinamba Ndawonye
Ukulayisha okusebenzisekayo kuvinjelwa umkhawulo wokuqala ofinyelelwe. Ngezinga elenziwe lula:
Umthwalo ovumelekile wokukhokha ≤ isisindo esivumelekile esivunyelwe − i-tare yangempela
Kodwa i-gross mass iyodwa ayanele. Imoto elayishiwe kufanele futhi ihlale ngaphakathi kwe-asi engaphambili nangemuva noma imikhawulo ye-ekseli yeqembu, izilinganiso zamasondo, izilinganiso zokumiswa, imikhawulo ye-chassis, kanye nomthetho wendawo.
Isikhungo somzimba samandla adonsela phansi, i-wheelbase, ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo, nokulayisha impahla engalingani kungabangela iqembu le-asi elilodwa ukuthi lifinyelele umkhawulo walo kusenesikhathi. Cela ukubala okulayishiwe kokusabalalisa kwe-ekseli yezinto eziqondiwe nomzimba.
3. Guqula Ivolumu Yomzimba Uyenze Imisa Yezinto Ezibalulekile
Sebenzisa:
Isisindo sokulayisha = ivolumu elayishiwe × ukuminyana ngobuningi
Ukubala kuhle kuphela njengama-inputs. Isimo:
- Okubalulekile.
- Ibanga lokuminyana kwenqwaba exegayo.
- Ibanga lomswakama.
- Ukuvuvukala okulindelekile noma ukuminyana.
- Indlela yokulayisha eshayiwe noma enqwabelene.
- Usayizi omkhulu wesigaxa.
- Ukunamathela noma ukuthwala.
Sebenzisa ukuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu okukholakalayo lapho uhlola ubungozi bokulayisha ngokweqile. Mayelana nezinto eziguquguqukayo zekwali, chaza indlela yokulawula umthwalo wemikhumbi, njengesisindo esisebhodini, izikali zokulayisha, isilawuli se-weighbridge, noma izibalo zamabhakede ezingashintshi eziqinisekiswa ngesisindo.
4. Qhathanisa Ukucushwa Kwe-ekseli Ngomzila Nomsebenzi
| Ukucushwa | Lapho kungase kungene khona | Okufanele uqinisekise |
| I-ekseli eyodwa | Amasayithi asemadolobheni akhawulelwe, imisebenzi elula, noma umsebenzi oholwa yi-maneuverability | Ukukhokhelwa okusemthethweni, usayizi womzimba, umkhawulo we-asili, indawo yokujika, imvamisa yohambo |
| I-Tandem/6×4 | Umsebenzi ojwayelekile wokwakha kanye nokudonsa lapho kudingeka khona ukudonsa kanye nebhalansi yomthwalo wokukhokha | Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-ekseli eshayelwayo, umthetho womzila, ukuhleleka, isondo nokufanisa umzimba |
| I-Multi-axle/8×4 | Ukulayisha okuphezulu emgwaqeni lapho imithetho ye-ekseli yendawo kanye nokufinyelela kwesayithi kuvumela | Umbuthano ophendukayo, izisindo ze-axle, imikhawulo yebhuloho/umgwaqo, ukusatshalaliswa komzimba |
| Iloli lezimayini elibanzi | Imigwaqo yezimayini elawulwa ngaphandle komgwaqo noma imigwaqo edonsa inkwali | Imithetho yesayithi, izimo zaphansi, ama-gradients, ukulungiswa, ukulayisha okufanayo |
| Iloli elihlanganisiwe | Imigwaqo engalungile engekho emgwaqweni kanye nemigwaqo eguquguqukayo yokudonsa | Inqubomgomo yokukhokha, ukucindezela komhlaba, ama-gradient, isikhathi somjikelezo, ukusekelwa kwamasondo |
Leli thebula lichaza ukuqonda kokuthengwa kwempahla, hhayi amanani omthamo wendawo yonke. Ukucushwa kwemoto, imithethonqubo, nezimo zesayithi kumele kubhekwe kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi.
Uhla lweloli lokulahla i-Wentu luhlanganisa FAW Jiefang 6×4, I-FAW Jiefang 8×4, I-Dongfeng 8×4, kanye nezinketho zamaloli ezimayini ezinomzimba obanzi. Sebenzisa lezi njengezindawo zokuqala zokucushwa bese ucela ukucaciswa okunikezwayo.
5. Faka Umzila Wokuthutha
Thumela:
- Umgwaqo womphakathi, umgwaqo oyimfihlo, noma ukusebenza okuxubile.
- Izwe, isifundazwe/isifunda, kanye nombuso wezimvume.
- Imikhawulo yebhuloho nemigwaqo.
- Ibanga eliphezulu nobude.
- Isimo sezulu nesimo sesizini.
- Hawula ibanga.
- Indawo yokulayisha nokulahla ijometri.
- Imikhawulo yesivinini.
- Imikhawulo yethrafikhi noma yasemadolobheni.
- I-Altitude kanye nezinga lokushisa le-ambient.
Ngomsebenzi ongekho emgwaqeni, chaza ukumelana nokugingqika, udaka, amatshe axegayo, kanye nesimo sokunakekelwa. Emigwaqweni yomphakathi, umthengi unesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukubhaliswa, ubukhulu, ukulayishwa kwe-ekseli, nezinye izidingo zasendaweni.
6. Qhathanisa Ukukhiqiza, Hhayi Umthamo Omkhulu Wokukhokha Wodwa
Okukhiphayo kwansuku zonke kuncike kokuthi:
Ukukhiqiza = isilinganiso somthwalo wokukhokha ohambisanayo × imijikelezo eqediwe
Isikhathi somjikelezo sihlanganisa ukulayisha, ukulayishwa kohambo, ukubeka ulayini, ukulahla, ukubuya, nokubambezeleka. Iloli elikhudlwana lingase lingathuthukisi okukhiphayo uma lilayisha kancane, lingakwazi ukuhamba, likulayini ku-crusher, noma lihamba ngaphansi kwesivinini esisebenzayo somkhumbi.
Cela abahlinzeki ukuthi baxoxe:
- Loader pass match.
- Ivolumu yethagethi yomzimba.
- Isikhathi sokukhipha.
- Aphenduke asondele esikhaleni.
- Ibanga kanye nokudonsa.
- Ukuqagela kwamafutha kanye nokugcinwa.
- Ukutholakala kwamasondo.
- Izingxenye eziyisipele nohlelo lwesevisi.
Phatha izilinganiso zokukhiqiza njengezinemibandela emzileni nasekuqageleni okusebenzayo.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwe-RFQ Yeloli Lokulahla
Impahla nokukhiqiza
- Okubalulekile:
- Ibanga lokuminyana kwenqwaba:
- Umswakama:
- Usayizi wesigaxa:
- Amathani adingekayo/ngosuku:
- Amahora okusebenza/usuku:
- Ilayisha izisetshenziswa nebhakede:
Umzila
- Esidlangalaleni/eyimfihlo/okuxutshiwe:
- Igunya:
- Ibanga:
- Ibanga eliphezulu:
- Ubuso:
- Isimo sesizini:
- Indawo yokugezela kanye neyokulahla:
Imoto
- Ukucushwa kwe-ekseli okudingekayo:
- I-Driveline:
- Isisekelo sangempela se-tare:
- I-GVWR/GVM:
- Izilinganiso ze-ekseli nesondo:
- Ukulayisha okulinganiselwe:
- Umzimba oshaywe/ivolumu enqwabelene:
- Impahla yomzimba kanye ne-liner:
- Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-ekseli elayishiwe:
Ezohwebo
- Ubuningi:
- Amadokhumenti adingekayo:
- Isibopho sokuhlukanisa abantu/ukubhalisa:
- Izingxenye ezisele:
- Ukuqeqesha:
- Indawo oya kuyo:
- Ishejuli:
Qinisekisa I-Vehicle and Commercial Scope
Cela ikhotheshini eqondene nokucushwa ebonisa i-chassis, ukuhlelwa kwe-ekseli, okokusebenza komzimba nobukhulu, isisekelo se-tare, isisekelo sokulayisha, amathayi, i-powertrain, ibhuleki, isistimu yokuthipha, okokusebenza kokuphepha, amathuluzi, izingxenye eziyisipele, imibhalo, kanye nobubanzi bokuthengiswa kwangemva kokuthengisa. Umphakeli kufanele asho ubuncane benani le-oda, indikimba etholakalayo kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso okokusebenza, amazinga emakethe yendawo noma ubufakazi besitifiketi okufanele buhlinzekwe, imigomo yokuhlolwa, ukupakishwa kokuthekelisa noma ukulungiselela ukuthunyelwa, isikhathi sokuhola ngemva kokugunyazwa kokucaciswa, nezici zentengo. Qhathanisa kuphela izimoto ezijwayele umsebenzi ofanayo, umzila, imikhawulo yezomthetho, ubukhulu bomzimba, iwaranti, nemibandela yokulethwa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe iloli lama-axle amathathu lihlala liphethe okungaphezu kwe-tandem-axle?
Cha. Umthamo wangempela uncike ku-tare, i-gross ne-axle izilinganiso, umthetho wendawo, idizayini yomzimba, amathayi, nemikhawulo yomzila.
Ingabe umthamo womzimba uyafana nomthwalo okhokhelwayo?
Cha. Ivolumu iba yisisindo kuphela ngemva kokusebenzisa ukuminyana kwenqwaba kanye nesimo sokulayisha.
Uyini umehluko phakathi komthwalo olinganiselwe nosemthethweni?
Iholo elilinganiselwe livela esimisweni semoto ngaphansi kwezimo ezichaziwe. Ukukhokhelwa okusemthethweni yilokho iloli elingase likuthwale emzileni wangempela ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwemingcele ye-tare, i-ekseli, i-gross, dimension, kanye nemingcele yendawo.
Kungani ucela izisindo ze-ekseli-by-ekseli?
Iqembu elilodwa le-ekseli lingalayisha ngokweqile ngaphambi kokuba iloli lifinyelele umkhawulo walo omkhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-ekseli kubonisa ukuthi ingabe umzimba kanye nendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo kufanelekile.
Ikuphi ukucushwa okungcono kakhulu kwezimayini?
Lokho kuncike ekutheni ukusebenza kusendleleni noma ngaphandle komgwaqo, isimo somgwaqo, amamaki, okokusebenza kokulayisha, okukhiphayo okuqondiwe, ukunakekelwa, amathayi, nemithetho yendawo.
Cela Isiphakamiso Seloli Eliqondene Nomzila
I-Wentu/Juxiang inikezela ngamaloli okulahla, amaloli kagandaganda, ama-semi-trailer, amaloli akhethekile, nemishini yokwakha kumaphrojekthi aphesheya. Buyekeza i isigaba samaloli wokulahla futhi uthumele ukuminyana kwezinto, umzila, imikhawulo esemthethweni, okuqondiwe kokukhiqiza, ukumisa okufunayo, izidingo zomzimba, inani, indawo, kanye neshejuli ngokusebenzisa ikhasi lokuxhumana.
