Iibsadayaasha waa in ay isbarbardhigaan awoodda xamuulka qashinka iyaga oo xisaabinaya culayska ugu hooseeya ee la oggol yahay ee hoos yimaada dhammaan caqabadaha khuseeya: culayska dhabta ah ee dhabta ah, culayska mushaharka ee soo saaraha lagu qiimeeyay, qiimaynta gaadhiga guud iyo daabka, qiimaynta taayirka iyo hakinta, xadka wadooyinka, mugga jidhka, cufnaanta alaabta, xaaladaha dariiqa, iyo siyaasada hawlgalka. Tirinta Axle kaligeed ma dejiso awood sharci ama mid wax soo saar leh, mitir kuyuubik lama barbar dhigi karo alaab la'aan la'aanteed.
Jir weyn ayaa gaari kara xadka tirada sharciga ah ka hor inta uusan buuxin marka la jiido dhagaxa cufan, halka walxaha fudud laga yaabo inay buuxiyaan jirka ka hor intaysan gaarin culeyska la oggol yahay. Baabuurka xamuulka qaada oo si fiican u shaqeeyaa meel ka baxsan wadada waxa kale oo laga yaabaa in aanu ku haboonayn dariiqa dadweynaha iyo wadada oo leh faashad iyo cabbir kala duwan.
Shuruudaha Awoodda Gaadiidka Qashin-saarka Iibsadayaasha waa inay kala soocaan
| Muddada | Macnaha gudaha RFQ | Maxay muhiim u tahay |
| Culayska cidhiidhiga/xakamaynta | Miisaanka dhabta ah ee xamuulka qaabka la soo xigtay, oo leh xaalad shidaal iyo qalab qeexan | Culaysku wuxuu bilaabmaa taree kadib |
| GVWR/GVM | Inta ugu badan ee baabuurka la oggol yahay ayaa lagu sheegay baabuurka | Mid ka mid ah xayiraad sare |
| Qiimaynta Axle | Culayska la oggol yahay ee koox kasta oo dhidib ama faashad ah | Qaybinta liidata waxay xaddidi kartaa culayska la bixiyo ka hor tirada guud |
| Culayska la qiimeeyay | Awooda qaadida soo saaraha ee lagu sheegay shuruudo qeexan | Waa in la barbar dhigaa xadka sharciga iyo qaybaha |
| Mugga jirka | Joometric ayaa ku dhuftay ama mugga la ururiyay iyadoo hab lagu sheegay | U beddelaa cufnaanta walxaha isu beddelka cufnaanta la filayo |
| Culayska sharciga ah | Mushaar bixinta waa la ogol yahay xukunka dhabta ah iyo dariiqa | Waxa laga yaabaa in uu ka hooseeyo qiimaynta gaadhiga |
| Culays wax soo saar leh | Culayska loo isticmaalo nidaamka hawlgalka iyo badbaadada kooxda | Dhaqaale meerto |
1. Hel taariikhda dhabta ah ee qaabaynta la soo xigtay
Tariikhdu waxa ay ku badashaa:
- Qaabeynta shasis iyo faashax.
- Cab.
- Matoorka iyo gudbinta.
- Haamaha shidaalka.
- Taayirada
- Qalabka jirka iyo cabbirrada.
- Nidaamka Haydarooliga.
- Tailgate.
- Liner
- giraangiraha spare
- Qalabka iyo qalabka ikhtiyaariga ah.
Ha is barbar dhigin qiyamka taraha buug-yaraha haddii ay jiraan iyo xulashooyinku kala duwan yihiin. Weydiiso tartame kasta inuu sheego xaaladda miisaanka oo uu bixiyo qaybinta tariikhda faas-iyo-axle lagu qiyaasay.
2. Si wada jir ah u hubi caqabadaha Guud iyo Axle
Culayska la isticmaali karo waxaa xaddiday xadka ugu horreeya ee la gaaro. Heer la fududeeyay:
Culayska la ogolyahay ≤ la ogolyahay tirada guud
Laakiin tirada guud oo keliya kuma filna. Baabuurka la raran yahay waa inuu ku jiraa gudaha hore-iyo gadaal-axle ama xadka kooxda faasaska, qiimaynta taayirka, qiimaynta cayrinta, xadka chassis, iyo sharciga deegaanka.
Xarunta jidhka ee cuf-jiidadka, garabka-wheelka, qaybinta rarka, iyo rarista walxaha aan sinnayn waxay sababi karaan hal koox oo faashad ah inay goor hore gaaraan xadka. Codso xisaabinta qaybinta faas-qeybiyaha ee walxaha iyo jirka.
3. U Beddeli Mugga Jirka Cuska Maaddada
Isticmaal:
Cufnaanta cufnaanta = mugga raran × cufnaanta badan
Xisaabinta waxay u fiican tahay oo kaliya sida wax-soo-saarka. Gobolka:
- Qalab
- Kala duwanaanshaha cufnaanta badan ee dabacsan.
- Kala duwanaanshaha qoyaanka.
- Barri ama cufnaan la filayo.
- Habka rarista garaaca ama tuulan
- Cabbirka buro ee ugu badan
- Adhesion ama qaadista.
Isticmaal cufnaanta ugu sareysa ee lagu kalsoonaan karo markaad hubineyso khatarta culeyska. Walaxda doorsoome ee dhagaxa dhagaxa, qeex habka xakamaynta xamuulka, sida miisaanka korka, miisaanka rarka, kontoroolka miisaanka, ama tirooyinka baaldiga go'an ee lagu xaqiijiyay miisaan.
4. Is barbar dhig qaabaynta Axle ee Jidka iyo Waajibka
| Habaynta | Meesha ay ku haboonaan karto | Maxaa lagu xaqiijin karaa |
| Hal gees | Goobaha magaalada ee la xaddiday, hawlo fudud, ama shaqada ay hagayaan karti-xirfadeed | Culayska sharciga ah, cabbirka jirka, xadka faashashka, booska leexinta, inta jeer ee safarka |
| Tandem/6×4 | Dhisme guud iyo shaqo rarista meesha looga baahan yahay hadhaaga jiidista iyo culayska | Qaybinta dariiqa, sharciga dariiqa, gradeability, taayirka iyo ciyaarta jidhka |
| Multi-axle/8×4 | Culayska sare ee wadada halka sharciyada dabada iyo goobta ay ogol yihiin | Wareega rogid, miisaanka dabada, xadka buundada/wadooyinka, qaybinta jirka |
| Baabuur macdan qodis ah oo ballaadhan | Miinada wadada ka baxsan ee la xakameeyey ama meelaha dhagaxa laga jaro | Xeerarka goobta, xaaladaha dhulka, gradients, dayactirka, ciyaarta loading |
| Gaadhi macmal ah | Jidadka qallafsan ee ka baxsan waddada iyo wadooyin kala duwan oo soo jiidasho leh | Siyaasadda lacag-bixinta, cadaadiska dhulka, gradients, wakhtiga wareegga, taageerada taayirka |
Jadwalkani waxa uu qeexayaa macquulnimada wax iibsiga, ma aha qiyamka awoodda caalamiga ah. Habaynta baabuurta, xeerarka, iyo xaaladaha goobta waa in laga hubiyaa mashruuc kasta.
Baabuurka qashinka ee Wentu waxaa ka mid ah FAW Jiefang 6×4, FAW Jiefang 8×4, Dongfeng 8×4, iyo fursadaha baabuurka macdanta ee jirka ballaaran. U isticmaal kuwan sidii meelaynta qaabeynta oo codso qeexida saxda ah ee la bixiyay.
5. Ku dar Jidka Haul
Dir:
- Waddada guud, waddo gaar ah, ama hawlgal isku dhafan.
- Dalka, gobolka/gobolka, iyo nidaamka ogolaanshaha.
- Buundada iyo xannibaadaha waddooyinka.
- Darajada ugu badan iyo dhererka
- Dusha sare iyo xaaladda xilliyeed.
- Masaafada jiid.
- Soo dejinta iyo daadinta joomatari aagga.
- Xadka xawliga
- Xayiraadaha gaadiidka ama magaalooyinka.
- Joogka iyo heerkulka deegaanka.
Shaqada ka baxsan wadada, sharax caabbinta rogmanaysa, dhoobada, dhagax dabacsan, iyo xaalada dayactirka. Wadooyinka dadweynaha, iibsadaha ayaa mas'uul ka ah xaqiijinta diiwaangelinta, cabbirrada, culeyska faashashka, iyo shuruudaha kale ee deegaanka.
6. Is barbar dhig Wax soo saarka, Ma aha Mushaharka ugu badan oo Keli ah
Wax soo saarka maalinlaha ah wuxuu ku xiran yahay:
Wax soo saarka = celceliska culeyska mushaharka u hoggaansamaya × wareegyo dhammaatay
Wakhtiga meerto waxa ka mid ah rarista, rarista safarka, safka, daadinta, soo noqoshada, iyo dib u dhaca Baabuurka weyn waxa laga yaabaa in aanu wanaajin wax-soo-saarka haddii uu si tartiib ah u raryo, aanu dhaqdhaqaaqi karin, uu saf ugu jiro burburiyaha, ama uu ka hoos maro xawaaraha dhabta ah ee maraakiibta.
Weydii alaab-qeybiyeyaasha inay ka hadlaan:
- Ciyaarta ka gudubka rarista
- Mugga bartilmaameedka jirka.
- Waqtiga talo bixinta
- leexashada iyo meel u dhow.
- Darajada iyo soo jiidashada.
- Shidaalka iyo malaha dayactirka.
- Helitaanka taayirrada.
- Qaybaha kaydka iyo qorshaha adeegga.
Ula dhaqan qiyaasaha wax-soo-saarka inay ku xidhan yihiin jidka iyo malo-awaalka hawlgalka.
Gawaarida iska tuurka RFQ liiska hubinta
Qalabka iyo wax soo saarka
- Qalab:
- Kala duwanaanshaha cufnaanta badan ee dabacsan:
- Qoyaanka
- Cabbirka buro:
- Tan/maalintii loo baahan yahay:
- Saacadaha shaqada/maalintii:
- Qalabka rarista iyo baaldiga:
Jidka
- Dadweyne/gaar ah/isku-dhafan:
- Xukunka:
- Fogaanta:
- Darajada ugu badan:
- Dusha sare:
- Xaaladda xilliyeed:
- leexashada iyo daadinta
Gaadhi
- Qaabeynta dhidibka loo baahan yahay:
- Khadka wadista:
- Saldhigga dhabta ah:
- GVWR/GVM:
- Qiimaynta Axle iyo taayirka:
- Culayska la qiimeeyay:
- Jirka garaaca/mugga sareynta:
- Qalabka jirka iyo xadhkaha:
- Qaybinta faashashka raran:
Ganacsi
- Tirada:
- Dukumentiyada loo baahan yahay:
- Mas'uuliyadda isku-duubnida/diwaangelinta:
- Qaybaha nasashada:
- Tababarka:
- Meesha:
- Jadwalka:
Xaqiiji Baabuurka iyo Baaxadda Ganacsiga
Codso xigasho u gaar ah qaabeynta oo tuseysa chassis, habeynta dhidibyada, walxaha jirka iyo cabbirrada, saldhigga tareenka, saldhigga culeyska, taayirada, tareennada xoogga, biriiga, nidaamka tirinta, qalabka badbaadada, aaladaha, qaybaha dheeriga ah, dukumentiyada, iyo baaxadda iibka kadib. Alaab-qeybiyuhu waa inuu sheegaa tirada ugu yar ee dalabka, hagaajinta jirka iyo qalabka la heli karo, heerarka suuqa la aadayo ama caddaynta shahaadaynta ee la keenayo, shuruudaha baadhista, baakadaha dhoofinta ama diyaarinta rarida, wakhtiga hogaaminta kadib ogolaanshaha qeexitaanka, iyo qodobbada qiimaha. Is barbar dhig kaliya baabuurta caadi ahaan loogu talagalay isla waajibaadka, dariiqa, xadka sharciga, baaxadda jirka, dammaanadda, iyo shuruudaha keenista.
Su'aalaha Inta Badan La Isweydiiyo
Baabuurka tri-axle had iyo jeer ma qaadaa wax ka badan tandem-axle?
Maya. Awoodda dhabta ahi waxay ku xidhan tahay dariiqyada, guud ahaan iyo qiimaynta faaska, sharciga deegaanka, naqshadaynta jidhka, taayirada, iyo xadka dariiqyada.
Mugga jidhku ma la mid yahay culayska lacagta?
Maya. Mugga wuxuu noqonayaa cuf keliya ka dib marka la isticmaalo cufnaanta alaabta iyo xaaladda rarida.
Waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya la qiimeeyay iyo culayska sharciga ah?
Culayska la qiimeeyay waxa uu ka yimaadaa qeexida gaadhiga marka la eego shuruudo qeexan. Culayska sharciga ah waa waxa uu gaadhigu ku qaadi karo jidka dhabta ah ka dib marka la isticmaalo dariiqyada, faashashka, guud ahaan, cabbirka, iyo xadka xukunka.
Waa maxay sababta aad u codsato miisaanka axle-by-axle?
Hal koox ayaa culays saari karta ka hor inta aanu gaadhigu gaadhin xadka guud. Qaybinta axle waxay muujinaysaa in jidhka iyo booska maaddadu ay ku habboon yihiin.
Qaabkee ayaa ugu fiican macdanta?
Taasi waxay kuxirantahay in hawlgalku yahay wadada ama wadada kabaxsan, xaalada jiidista, darajooyinka, qalabka rarka, wax soo saarka bartilmaameedka, dayactirka, taayirada, iyo xeerarka goobta.
Codso Soo jeedinta Gaadhiga Gaarka ah ee Waddada
Wentu/Juxiang waxay siisaa baabuurta iska rogooyinka, baabuurta cagaf-cagafyada, gawaarida yar yar, baabuurta gaarka ah, iyo mashiinada dhismaha ee mashaariicda dibadda. Dib u eeg nooca xamuulka qaada oo dir cufnaanta shay, dariiqa, xadka sharciga, yoolka wax soo saarka, qaabaynta la doonayo, shuruudaha jidhka, tirada, meesha, iyo jadwalka iyada oo loo marayo bogga xiriirka.
