Ilori yokulahla kunye ne-excavator kufuneka ikhethwe njengenkqubo enye yokulayisha kunye nokuthuthwa, kungekhona njengoomatshini ababini abazimeleyo. Ukulinganisa okusebenzayo kuxhomekeke kubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwahlulwa, i-emele ye-excavator kunye nokufikelela, i-lori-body geometry, umda wokulayisha osemthethweni okanye wesayithi, iindawo zokulayisha ekujoliswe kuzo, umgama wokuthuthwa, imeko yendlela kunye nenani lelori ezabelwe iyunithi nganye yokulayisha. Ibhakethi enkulu ayenzi ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo engcono: inokulayisha ngaphezulu ilori, ibethe umzimba, idale ukulayisha okungalinganiyo okanye ishiye i-excavator ilinde isithuthi esilandelayo. I-RFQ eluncedo ke ngoko ichaza imathiriyeli, imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo, indlela, ipateni yeshifti, isiseko somthwalo welori, ubumbeko be-excavator kunye nobungqina obufunekayo bokuqinisekisa phambi kokucela ixabiso.

Kutheni uMatshini eMatanisa iSigqibo sokuhamba komsebenzi?

I-excavator ivelisa iilori ezilayishiwe; iilori zisusa izinto kwaye zibuyisele omnye umjikelo. Ukuba naliphi na icala lalo mngcelele alinobungakanani obungachanekanga, inkqubo yonke ilahlekelwa yimveliso. I-excavator egcwalisa ilori ngokukhawuleza inokuma ingasebenzi ngelixa inqanawa igqibezela uhambo olude. Ukongeza iilori kunokunciphisa ukulinda kwee-loader, kodwa izithuthi ezininzi zinokudala umgca ebusweni okanye kwindawo yokulahla. Ilori enomzimba omkhulu inokujongeka inemveliso ngelixa ifuna amabhakethi amaninzi kakhulu, inyusa ixesha lokulayisha kunye nokuvezwa okujikeleze indawo yokulayisha.

Abathengi ke ngoko kufuneka bachaze umjikelo kunokuba bathelekise amanani eencwadana ezizimeleyo. Umjikelo uqala xa iloli engenanto ingena kwindawo yokulayisha kwaye iphele xa ibuya emva kokuhamba, ukukhulula kunye naluphi na umgca. Ixesha lokulayisha yinxalenye kuphela yalo mjikelo. Imithamo yendlela, ukuchasa ukuqengqeleka, indawo yokujika, ukufikelela kokulahla inkunkuma, ulawulo lwezithuthi kunye nokuphazamiseka kweshifti konke kungatshintsha inani lelori ezifunekayo.

Ukufunyanwa kwemveliso yokuqala, abathengi banokujonga i-Wentu's uluhlu koomatshini bokwakha, kodwa iphepha lodidi alinakumisela umdlalo osebenzayo ngaphandle kwamagalelo eprojekthi.

Qala ngeMathiriyeli kunye neThagethi yoMveliso

Umbuzo wokuqala ayingowo "Yeyiphi i-excavator enkulu?" Ithi “Yeyiphi imathiriyeli ekufuneka isusiwe, kwaye kufuneka sihambe kangakanani indawo ngexesha lokusebenza?” Umhlaba oxekileyo, udongwe olumanzi, amatye aqhushumbayo kunye nemathiriyeli yokudiliza exutyiweyo ayilayishi okanye ihlale ngendlela efanayo. Ubuninzi babo buchaphazela umvuzo; ukuqhekeka kuchaphazela ukuzaliswa kwebhakethi kunye nokuzinza kokulayisha; ukufuma kunye nokubambelela kuchaphazela ukukhutshwa okucocekileyo kwibhakethi kunye nomzimba.

Chaza ukuba imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo ichazwa ngokweetoni ngeyure, ii-cubic metres ngeshifu okanye imithwalo egqityiweyo ngosuku. Umthamo kunye nobunzima azitshintshi. Umzimba unokufikelela kumda womthamo wawo phambi kokuba ilori ifike kumthwalo wayo ovumelekileyo xa ihambisa imathiriyeli yokukhanya. Izinto ezixineneyo zinokufikelela kumda womthwalo ngelixa uninzi lomzimba luhlala lungenanto. I-RFQ kufuneka ichonge isiseko soxinaniso kwaye ichaze ukuba ivela kwidatha yesayithi elinganisiweyo, isiphumo selabhoratri okanye uqikelelo lwesicwangciso esilondolozayo.

Zeziphi izinto eziguquguqukayo ekufuneka abathengi bathelekise?

Kufuneka abaThengi bawubale njani uMatshisi wokuLayishwa kwePasi?

Ukuthelekisa amapasi kuqala kuqikelelo lobunzima bemathiriyeli ngebhakethi nganye, hayi umthamo webhakethi wodwa. Uqikelelo olusebenzayo ngumthamo webhakethi ophindaphindwe yinto elindelekileyo yokuzaliswa kunye nokuxinana kwezinto eziphathekayo. Olo qikelelo luze luthelekiswe nomthwalo ovunyelweyo wokusebenza welori. Isiphumo sinikeza inani lokucwangcisa lokupasa, kodwa ayisosiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa: ukuzaliswa kwangempela kuyahluka ngezinto eziphathekayo, ubuchule bomqhubi kunye nejometri yebhakethi.

Ubalo lokupasa olubonakalayo luthintela izinto ezimbini ezigqithisileyo. Ukudlula okumbalwa kakhulu kunokwenza ibhakethi ngalinye libe yipesenti enkulu yomda welori, ukwandisa umphumo we-scoop enye engahambelani. Ukudlula okuninzi kwandisa ukulayisha kwaye kunokubonisa ukuba i-excavator incinci xa ithelekiswa nomthuthi. Isikhokelo seCaterpillar sibonisa ukuba kutheni umdlalo wokupasa, ukukhutshwa komzimba, into yokuzalisa kunye nexesha lomjikelo zijongwa kunye kunokusebenzisa umthamo omnye. Ujoliso oluchanekileyo lweprojekthi ye-Wentu kusafuneka lubalwe koomatshini ababonelelwayo kunye nemathiriyeli yomthengi.

Umzekelo, umthengi akafanele ahlule umthamo welori ngebhakethi eprintiweyo yevolumu kwaye ayeke. Ubalo lukwafuna isiseko somthwalo, ingxinano, uqikelelo lokuzaliswa kunye nokuba ibhakethi inemigangatho, imfumba okanye imathiriyeli engaqhelekanga. Umthengisi kufuneka abonise iingqikelelo ukuze umthengi athathe indawo yamaxabiso okucwangcisa kunye nedatha yesayithi elinganisiweyo.

Kutheni le nto iBantu beJomethri kunye noMzimba iBantu?

I-excavator kufuneka ibeke izinto kwilori ngaphandle kokujinga kakhulu, indawo engazinzanga okanye ukudibana nomzimba. Qinisekisa irediyasi yokulayisha i-excavator kunye nokukhutshwa kwenkunkuma ngokuchasene nokuphakama kwecala lomzimba welori kunye nebhentshi ecwangcisiweyo okanye umgangatho womhlaba. Umzobo wokulinganisa osebenza kwincwadana yencwadana ecaba usenokungaphumeleli xa umembi ehlala ezantsi kwelori, esebenza ukusuka kumphetho othambileyo okanye kufuneka alayishe phezu kodonga oluphezulu oluqinisiweyo oluphezulu.

Ukubona iilori nako kuchaphazela ixesha lomjikelo. Umatshini kufuneka ube nendlela ephindaphindwayo kunye nendlela yokuhamba ethintela ukubuyisela umva iingxabano. I-excavator kufuneka isasaze imathiriyeli ukuze ukulayishwa kwe-axle kuhlala kulawulwa endaweni yokudala induli egxininisiweyo kwelinye icala. Ulungiselelo lokugqibela lukwisicwangciso sokusebenza kwendawo; ikowuteshini yezixhobo kufuneka inike imilinganiselo efunekayo ukuyivandlakanya.

Ingaba ukuHaul Distance kuyitshintsha njani iMali eseleyo?

Imijikelo emifutshane yenza ixesha lokulayisha libe sisabelo esikhulu somjikelo uwonke. Iindlela ezinde zenza ixesha lokuhamba, imeko yendlela kunye nokulibaziseka kokulahla kube nempembelelo ngakumbi. Ukuba ilori enye ithatha imizuzu elishumi elinesibini ukuhamba, ikhuphe kwaye ibuye ngelixa umgcini welori elayisha ilori ngemizuzu emithathu, uqikelelo olulula lokuqala lubonisa ukuba iilori ezininzi ziyafuneka ukugcina umlayishi ehlala. Inani lokwenyani lezithuthi kufuneka livumele ukubonwa, ukufola, ikhefu, ukugalela amafutha kunye nokufumaneka.

Iilori ezininzi azisoloko ziyimpendulo. Indawo yokulayisha emxinwa inokubamba ngokukhuselekileyo kuphela ilori enye esebenzayo kunye neyunithi enye yokulinda. Indawo yokulahla inokuba ngumqobo. Imithetho yendlela inokuthintela isantya okanye ubunzima bomthwalo. Isigqibo kufuneka sichonge ukuba yeyiphi imida yomthombo kunye nobukhulu benkqubo ejikeleze loo mqobo.

Ngaba abathengi kufuneka babavavanye njani oomatshini ababonelelwayo?

Wentu I-5-13 iphepha lemveliso ye-EXCAVATOR enkulu dwelisa uluhlu olubanzi loqwalaselo kunomatshini omnye osisigxina: amandla enjini angama-50–120 kW, umthamo webhakethi yesilayishi yi-0.5–1.5 m³, umthamo womlayishi olinganiselwe we-1,000–3,000 kg, ubunzulu bokwemba obuyi-3,000–6,000 mm namandla okumba angama-30–80 kN. Ezo ntlobo ziseka usapho lwemveliso; azithethi ukuba lonke ixabiso lidityanisiwe kulo lonke uqwalaselo. Umthengi kufuneka acele eyona modeli inikezelweyo, i-attachment, imilinganiselo kunye nedatha yokusebenza.

Iphepha lelori yokulahla i-DONGFENG 6 × 4 lidwelisa i-8,600 × 2,550 × 3,600 mm ubungakanani ngokubanzi, umzimba we-5,400 × 2,350 × 1,500 mm, uluhlu lwetoni ezingama-30–40 ezixeliweyo kunye neenketho ezininzi zamandla ehashe. La manani apapashiweyo kufuneka athathwe njengamagalelo ekowuteshini ukuqinisekisa, hayi imvume yokuthatha indlela esemthethweni okanye ukufaneleka kwesiza. Umthwalo olawulayo unokuba ngaphantsi ngenxa yemithetho ye-axle yendawo, iimeko zendlela, iimfuno zobhaliso okanye ubumbeko bokugqibela obukhethiweyo.

Yintoni enokuthi ingahambi kakuhle xa abathengi behambelana nesakhono kuphela?

Ilori igcwele umthamo kodwa ngaphantsi kwesicwangciso sokuvelisa

Imathiriyeli yokukhanya igcwalisa umzimba phambi kokuba itoni ekujoliswe kuyo ifikelelwe. Isiphumo ziihambo ezininzi kunomthengi ebelindelekile. Ubungqina kufuneka bubandakanye zombini imilinganiselo yomzimba kunye nesiseko soxinaniso lwemathiriyeli.

Ilori ifikelela kubunzima bayo ngaphambi kokuba ibonakale igcwele

Izinto ezixineneyo zenza umngcipheko wokugcwala nokuba umthamo wasimahla uhleli. Isicwangciso sokulayisha kufuneka sisebenzise ulawulo lobunzima, hayi ukuzaliswa komzimba okubonakalayo.

I-excavator inokuphakamisa umthwalo kodwa ayikwazi ukulayisha umzimba ngokufanelekileyo

Ubude bendawo yokulahla inkunkuma, ukufikelela okanye ukujika ujingi kunokunganelanga kwindawo yokwenyani yesiza. Umzobo woyilo okanye uvavanyo lwesiza luluncedo ngakumbi kunomzobo wokuphakamisa amandla wedwa.

Oomatshini ngabanye bayasebenza, kodwa inkqubo ifole

Ukuhambelana komatshini ochanekileyo kusengavelisa ukuhamba kakubi ukuba uhambo, ukulahla okanye ukubona ilori ngumqobo. Ubalo lomjikelo kufuneka luchaze ixesha ngalinye kunye nokufumaneka okucingelwayo.

Bubuphi ubungqina okufuneka buqinisekiswe phambi kokwamkelwa?

Ikowuteshini kufuneka ichonge ilori enikiweyo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwe-excavator, hayi amagama emveliso-osapho kuphela. Buza amaphepha omda, iinkcukacha zesixhobo sokusebenza, umthwalo ohlawulelwayo okanye iinkcazelo zomthwalo olinganiselweyo, ulungelelwaniso lwenjini kunye ne-drivetrain, itayara okanye iinkcukacha zekhareji engaphantsi, izinto zenkonzo, ezibandakanyiweyo nezincedisi kunye nomda wokuthumela. Apho ukubhaliswa kwendlela okanye ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, umthengi kufuneka achaze iimfuno zendawo yokusingwa; umthengisi kufuneka achaze ukuba ngawaphi amaxwebhu afakiweyo kunye nokuba yintoni eseleyo kuqinisekiso lwasekhaya.

Uvavanyo lwesampulu lunokuthetha umboniso, ulingo lwesiza okanye ukuphononongwa koqwalaselo oluthelekisekayo. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela esetyenziswayo, chaza imilinganiselo yokupasa: ukukhutshwa kwebhakethi, ukubalwa kwempumelelo okwamkelekileyo, ukuhanjiswa komthwalo, uqikelelo lwexesha lomjikelo kunye nefomathi yobungqina. Ividiyo ngaphandle kolungelelwaniso lomatshini ochongiweyo kunye neemeko zemathiriyeli ngumxholo oluncedo kodwa ayibubo ubungqina obupheleleyo.

Kufuneka iquke ntoni i-RFQ?

1. Izinto: uhlobo, ingxinano ekhululekileyo, ukufuma kunye nobukhulu beqhekeza ubukhulu.
2. Imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo: iitoni okanye cubic metres ngeyure nangeshifti nganye.
3. Indawo yokulayisha: umgangatho womhlaba, ukuphakama kwebhentshi, indawo yokujika kunye nokuhamba kwezithuthi.
4. Indlela yokuthutha: umgama, ibakala, umphezulu, izithintelo zesantya kunye nemithetho yomthwalo wendlela.
5. Inkqubo yokulahla: indawo yokuncamathela, ixesha lokukhupha kunye neemeko zemigca.
6. Imfuneko ye-excavator: i-attachment, i-emele, ukufikelela, ukucocwa kokulahla kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo.
7. Imfuneko yelori: imilinganiselo yomzimba, isiseko somthwalo, idrivetrain kunye nemfuneko yamatayara.
8. Isicwangciso sokusebenza: iishifti, ukufumaneka okulindelekileyo, isibaso nolungiselelo lokugcinwa.
9. Ubungqina: imizobo, iphepha lokumisela, iirekhodi zohlolo kunye namaxwebhu eendawo.
10. Umda worhwebo: ubungakanani, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, imiqathango yonikezelo, ii-spares, uqeqesho kunye nemida yokugunyazisa.

Cela umthengisi ukuba abuyisele umgca ngamnye njenge Iqinisekisiwe, Ukutenxa, Enye indlela okanye Ifuna uPhononongo lweSiza. Oku kwenza unikezelo olwahlukileyo lube lula ukuthelekisa kwaye luveze iingqikelelo phambi komyalelo wokuthenga.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ngaba i-excavator enkulu kufuneka isoloko idityaniswa nelori yokulahla enkulu?

Hayi. Umdlalo uxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, ijometri, indlela, imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nemida yokusebenza. Isibini esikhulu ngokwasemzimbeni sinokungafaneleki ukufikelela okuthintelweyo okanye kunokudala umthamo ongeyomfuneko wokungenzi nto.

Ngaba umthamo webhakethi unokusetyenziselwa ukubala ukudlula kweelori?

Ligalelo elinye kuphela. Abathengi bakwafuna into yokuzalisa, ukuxinana kwezinto eziphathekayo, isiseko somthwalo welori kunye nesibonelelo sokutshintsha ukusebenza.

Zingaphi iilori ekumele zinike iexcavator enye?

Akukho nombolo jikelele. Yahlula umjikelo welori opheleleyo ngokulayisha kunye nexesha lokujonga njengendawo yokuqala, emva koko uphendule imigca, ikhefu, ukufumaneka kunye nemida yesiza.

Ngaba umthamo wephepha lemveliso ungqina umthwalo osemthethweni?

Hayi Ulwazi lweMveliso luchaza usapho olunikiweyo. Umthwalo osemthethweni nokhuselekileyo wokusebenza uxhomekeke kwisithuthi esichanekileyo, indlela, imigaqo yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo kunye namaxwebhu avunyiweyo.

Guqula ukuHamba koMsebenzi ube yiNtelekelelo yamaxabiso ethelekisekayo

Thumela imathiriyeli, imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo, uyilo lwesiza, indlela yokuthutha, isicwangciso sokutshintsha kunye nelori ekhethwayo / ulungelelwaniso lomembi ngeWentu’s ifomu yekowuteshini yeprojekthi. Cela iinkcukacha ezithe ngqo ezinikiweyo, uqikelelo lokubala oluxeliweyo kunye nakuphi na ukutenxa phambi kokuba uvume isicwangciso sezithuthi okanye iodolo yokuthenga.