I-DONGFENG 6 × 4 iloli yokulahla kufuneka ihlolwe njengenkqubo epheleleyo yokuthuthwa, engakhethwanga kwigama elithi "10 wheeler" kuphela. Elo gama lemarike lidla ngokuchaza ilori ene-asi eqinile ene-asi enye kunye ne-axle enye eqhutywa ngasemva efakwe amatayara amabini, kodwa ayichazi umthwalo osemthethweni, umthamo womzimba, imveliso yenjini okanye imvume yendlela. Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo luxhomekeke kubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo, umphezulu wendlela kunye nodidi, izixhobo zokulayisha, iimeko zokuncamisa, imida yobuninzi bendawo, ukufikelela kwinkonzo kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo. Abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise loo ngeniso kuqala, emva koko bathelekise i-chassis enikezelwayo, umzimba, inkqubo ye-hydraulic kunye nobungqina bokwamkelwa ngokuchasene neprojekthi enye elawulwayo.
"10 Wheeler" yinkcazelo eluncedo, hayi umthamo
Ulwimi olubala ivili luyohluka phakathi kweemarike. Kwimibuzo emininzi yokuthumela ngaphandle, “ilori yokulahla amavili ali-10” ibhekisa kubalo olubonakalayo lwamatayara: amatayara amabini kwi-asi yokuqhuba kunye nesibhozo kwiiasi ezimbini ezingasemva ezinamatayara amabini. I-6 × 4 ifomula ye-axle ichaza izikhundla zevili ezintandathu ezine-4 eziqhutywayo; ayikabuchazi ubunzima besithuthi esipheleleyo esivunyelweyo okanye umthwalo ofumanekayo emva kokuba ikhabhinethi, itshisi, amafutha, umzimba kunye nezixhobo eziqhutywa ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba zibaliwe.
Lo mahluko ubalulekile kuba umthwalo oceliweyo unokugqitha kumda osemthethweni okanye wobugcisa naxa iqumrhu lomthwalo linendawo eyaneleyo. Ubunzima bokusebenza obuvumelekileyo bunyanzelwa ngowona mda uphantsi osebenzayo phakathi kwemigaqo yasekhaya, umlinganiselo wesithuthi kunye nokulinganisa kwamacandelo afana ne-asi, amavili kunye namatayara. Ubunzima bubodwa bubodwa nabo abanelanga: iasi enye inokulayishwa kakhulu ngelixa ilori ihlala ingaphantsi komda uwonke.
I udidi lwemveliso yelori yokulahla inikeza ii-asi ezininzi kunye nokhetho lwebhrendi, kodwa iinkcukacha zokuthenga kufuneka zichaze umsebenzi phambi kokuba kukhutshwe uyilo oluthile.
Chaza umjikelo wokutsala phambi kokuba ukhethe ilori
Ukhetho oluvakalayo luqala ngezinto kunye nendlela. Isanti, umhlaba, iaggregate, intsimbi ekrwada, inkunkuma yokudilizwa kunye nodaka olumanzi lunyanzelisa indibaniselwano eyahlukeneyo yoxinaniso, ukukrazuka, impembelelo kunye nokuziphatha okuncamathelayo. Umphumo wabo udlulela ngaphaya komzimba: ubunzima obulayishiweyo butshintsha umgangatho, imfuno ye-braking, umthwalo wetayara kunye noxinzelelo olubekwe kwi-chassis ngexesha lomjikelo ophindaphindiweyo.
Ulwazi lwendlela kufuneka luquke umgama olayishiweyo nongenanto, uthambeka oluzinzileyo oluphezulu, owona mmandla uqinileyo wokujika, ubume bomphezulu, isantya esilindelekileyo kunye nomyinge wohambo lwendlela yoluntu. Ilori esebenza kwindlela yokwakha exineneyo isenokunganikeli ukutsalwa okanye ukucocwa komhlaba okufunekayo kwindlela ethambileyo yasemgodini. Ngokuchaseneyo, ulungelelwaniso olubhekiselele ngaphandle kwendlela lunokuthwala ubunzima obuninzi kunye nokumelana nokuqengqeleka okubonelela ngenzuzo encinci kuthutho olugangathiweyo.
Iithagethi zemveliso zifuna umjikelo opheleleyo, hayi umthwalo ohlawulayo ngohambo ngalunye. Ixesha lokulayisha, ukufola, ukuhamba, ukothula kunye nexesha lokubuya limisela ukuba zingaphi iitoni zeenqanawa ezinokuhamba ngeshifti nganye. Isithuthi esincinci esihambelana nesilayishi kunye nendlela sinokusebenza ngakumbi kunelori enkulu elinda ebusweni bokulayisha, asikwazi ukujika ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukuhamba ngokucothayo kumabakala.
Umthwalo wokuhlawula kufuneka ujongwe ngokuthelekisa umthamo womzimba kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-asi
Ukujonga izinto ezisisiseko zilula: umthamo womzimba ofunekayo unxulumene nomthwalo wokuhlawula owahlulwe ngobuninzi obukhululekileyo. Isigqibo sobunjineli asilula kakhulu kuba ukuxinana kuyahluka, izinto eziphathekayo zinokuqokelela ngaphezu kwamacala omzimba, kwaye iimeko ezimanzi zinokunyusa ubunzima. Abathengi kufuneka babonelele ngoluhlu lwenyani lokuxinana kunexabiso elinye elinethemba.
Ubude bomzimba kunye nendawo yeziko lomthwalo kuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwe-asi. Ukuhambisa umthwalo phambili kunokulayisha ngaphezulu i-axle yokulawula; Ukuyihambisa kude kakhulu ngasemva kunokulayisha ngaphezulu iqela le-tandem kunye nokutshintsha ukuphatha. Yiyo loo nto ibango lomvuzo jikelele linganelanga. Umniki-nkonzo kufuneka abonelele ngomzobo ocetywayo womzimba kunye nokubalwa komthwalo we-asi okanye enye inkangeleko ebhaliweyo yokuhanjiswa koqwalaselo olunikiweyo.
Ubunzima beTare bukwafuna ukuhoywa. Ipleyiti etyebileyo, ukomelezwa okongeziweyo, i-liner, umthamo omkhulu wepetroli kunye nezixhobo ezinzima zinokunyusa ukuqina okanye ukuzimela, kodwa ikhilogram nganye eyongeziweyo kwisithuthi esingenanto inciphisa umthwalo okhoyo phakathi kobunzima obumiselweyo. Owona mzimba ubalaseleyo ngowo uhambelana nendlela yomthwalo kunye nendlela yokulayisha, hayi nje olona lwakhiwo lunzima lukhoyo.
Tshatisa i-powertrain kunye ne-driveline kwindlela elayishiwe
Amandla ehashe kulula ukuwathelekisa kwaye kulula ukuwasebenzisa kakubi. Umgangatho olayishiweyo uxhomekeke kwitorque ye-injini, umlinganiselo wothumelo, umlinganiselo wokugqibela wokuqhuba, iradiyasi yokuqengqeleka kwamatayara kunye nobunzima obupheleleyo. Imfuno yokupholisa, ubushushu be-ambient kunye nokuphakama kokusebenza kunokuchaphazela ukufaneleka kwe-powertrain. I-RFQ ke ngoko kufuneka ichaze indlela kunye nesantya esilindelekileyo sokusebenza kunokubuza kuphela inani lamandla ehashe.
I-6 × 4 i-driveline ithumela amandla kuzo zombini ii-axles ezingasemva, ibonelela ngesiseko esiluncedo sokutsalela kulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wokuthuthwa kwendlela. Ayenzi yonke i-6 × 4 ifanele yonke indawo. Ipateni yeTire, umgaqo-nkqubo woxinzelelo lwamatayara, ulungelelwaniso lokwahluka, ukunqunyanyiswa kunye nokugcinwa kwendlela kusenefuthe ekutsaleni nasekuhambeni. Abathengi abasebenza kwiindlela ezithambileyo, ezigudileyo nzulu okanye iindlela ezimqengqelezi kakhulu banokufuna ukuthelekisa ubumbeko be-asi okanye isithuthi esakhiwe ngokwenjongo engekho endleleni.
Isixhobo sokuqhokra sidinga imeko yendlela efanayo. Ukwehla okude kunokwenza i-axiliary braking kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal kubaluleke ngakumbi kunokuba zivela kwi-quotation yendlela ethe tyaba. Imakethi yendawo ekusingwa nayo inokumisela ukubamba iziqhoboshi, ukulayita, ukukhuselwa ngaphantsi, izinto ezikhutshwayo okanye ezinye iimfuno zesithuthi sendlela. Ezi zinto kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kwilizwe elisebenza ngokwenene kunokuba zikopishwe kwisithuthi esinikezelwe kwenye indawo.
Umzimba kunye ne-hydraulic system zenza indlela enye yokuncamathela
Umzimba, ihenjisi, i-subframe apho kufanelekileyo, isilinda, impompo, i-PTO, itanki, iivalvu kunye nenkqubo yokulawula kufuneka isebenze njengendibano ehambelanayo. Ubungakanani bomzimba kunye neziko lomthwalo lichaphazela amandla okuphakamisa. Ijiyometri yesilinda ichaphazela inqanaba lokuqala lokunyuswa, i-angle yokugqibela kunye nemikhosi ehanjiswa ngesakhiwo sokunyuka. Ukuhamba kwepompo kuchaphazela ixesha lokujikeleza, ngelixa amandla oxinzelelo kunye nezicwangciso zokunceda zikhusela inkqubo ngaphakathi kwemida yoyilo.
Ukukhetha i-tailgate kufuneka ihambelane nezinto eziphathekayo kunye nendawo yokukhupha. Uyilo olusebenzela i-aggregate ehamba ngokukhululekileyo lunokuziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunye nomthwalo omanzi okanye odibeneyo. Umsebenzisi kufuneka akwazi ukukhulula umthwalo ngokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili, kwaye i-angle yokuncamisa ecetywayo kufuneka iqwalaselwe kunye nejometri yomzimba kunye nokuziphatha kwezinto.
Ukufikelela kwinkonzo yinxalenye yeenkcukacha. Iifilitha, i-hoses, izitywina kunye nezixhobo eziphambili ze-hydraulic kufuneka zichongwe, kwaye iindawo zokugcina akufanele zithintelwe ngumzimba ofakiweyo. Kwiiprojekthi ezikude, uluhlu lokuqala lwamacandelo angasese lunokuba nexabiso ngakumbi kune-accessory engenayo inkxaso yendawo.
Uzinzo lokunika iingcebiso luyimfuneko yokusebenza, hayi into ekhethwayo
Umzimba wokulahla ophakanyisiweyo uhambisa iziko elidityanisiweyo lomxhuzulane phezulu. I-cross-slope, umhlaba othambileyo, ukulayishwa okungalinganiyo, izinto ezinamathele kwelinye icala kunye nokuxhaswa kakubi kwamatayara kunokunciphisa uzinzo. I-tipping ekhuselekileyo ifuna ukuqiniswa, umgangatho osemgangathweni, ukukhutshwa okwaneleyo kunye nomthwalo onokuthi ukhuphe ngaphandle kokudala ukungalingani kwecala elibi.
Ezi meko zokusebenza nazo zinefuthe ekuthengeni. Iprojekthi yokuphatha imathiriyeli encangathi ingafuna ubume bomzimba obufanelekileyo, ilineni okanye uncedo lokukhupha. Isiza esineendawo ezithintelweyo ezithintelweyo zinokufuna ubude bomzimba obahlukileyo okanye isicwangciso sokukhulula. Akukho ukucwangciswa kwelori okususa imfuno yolawulo lwesayithi, ukusebenza okuqeqeshiwe kunye nokugcinwa, kodwa izixhobo akufanele zenze iimeko ezaziwayo zibe nzima ukulawula.
Uvavanyo lokwamkelwa lunokuqinisekisa ukunyuswa, ukubamba, ukuthoba, ukusebenza kwe-tailgate, ukuvuza kunye nokuziphatha kokulawula. Ayinakuphinda ivelise yonke imeko yentsimi. Incwadi yokusebenza, inkqubo yesiza kunye noqeqesho logunyaziso kufuneka luthwale umda oseleyo kwinkonzo.
Imatrix yovavanyo olusebenzayo
| Indawo yesigqibo | Igalelo leprojekthi | Uqinisekiso lomthengisi | Ubungqina ngaphambi kokukhululwa |
| Ubunzima bokusebenza | Umvuzo ekujoliswe kuwo, imithetho yesininzi yasekuhlaleni kunye nokufikelela kwindlela | Ukunikezelwa kwereyithingi yesithuthi, isiseko se-tare kunye noreyithingi lwamacandelo | Iphepha loqwalaselo kunye nolwazi lomthwalo we-asi |
| Umzimba wempahla | Izinto eziphathekayo, ubuninzi, ubungakanani beqhekeza, ukukrazula kunye nokuthambekela kokuncamathela | Imilinganiselo yangaphakathi, ulwakhiwo, i-tailgate kunye ne-liner scope | Umzobo ovunyiweyo womzimba kunye neshedyuli yezinto |
| Uqeqesho lwamandla | I-gradient elayishiweyo, umgama, isantya, ubushushu kunye nokuphakama | Injini, ukuhanjiswa, umlinganiselo we-asi kunye nolungiselelo lokupholisa | Iinkcukacha ezinikiweyo ezinenxaxhi echaziweyo |
| Iihydraulics | Umjikelo womsebenzi, indawo yokunika iingcebiso kunye nokuziphatha kokukhutshwa | I-PTO, impompo, isilinda, itanki, ulawulo kunye nolungiselelo lokukhusela | Ishedyuli yecandelo kunye nerekhodi yovavanyo olusebenzayo |
| Ukuhambelana kwemarike | Ilizwe, indlela yokubhalisa, amafutha kunye neemeko zenkonzo | Izinto ezikhutshwayo ezinikezelwayo, ukuqhobosheka, ukulayita kunye nomda wamaxwebhu | Irejista yoxwebhu kunye ne-matrix yoxanduva |
I-matrix igcina uvandlakanyo lubotshelelwe kwiprojekthi yokwenyani. Ikwahlula imibuzo emithathu ehlala ixutywa kunye: into efunwa ngumthengi, yintoni enikezelwa ngumthengisi kwaye bubuphi ubungqina obuya kungqina umdlalo.
Ubungqina bokuhlola kufuneka ichonge ilori yokwenene
Iifoto zefektri yegeneric aziqinisekisi iyunithi yemveliso. Ubungqina kufuneka budibanise isithuthi esihloliweyo kwi-chassis ichongiwe kunye neenkcukacha ezivunyiweyo. Ingxelo yokuhlola inokubandakanya ukucwangciswa ngokubanzi, imilinganiselo engundoqo, ukunyuswa komzimba, amatayara, ukuvuza kwamanzi, imisebenzi yombane, izibane, izilawuli ze-cab, ukuhlolwa kwe-braking ngaphakathi kwendawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo, ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic, ukuziphatha kwe-tailgate kunye nomsebenzi obonakalayo.
Kweye DONGFENG 6×4 ilori yokulahla, iphepha lemveliso lichaza imodeli yentsapho ejoliswe kuyo. Ukuvunywa kwemveliso kusafuneka kuxhomekeke kubumbeko olusayiniweyo, uhlaziyo lomzobo kunye nokunxaxha okubhaliweyo. Ukuba icandelo linikezelwa njengento elinganayo, umthengisi kufuneka achaze utshintsho ngaphambi kokwenziwa kwaye anike ulwazi olufunekayo ukuze lwamkelwe.
Ubungqina bokuthunyelwa kwangaphambili kufuneka bubonise i-accessory yokugqibela kunye ne-spare-parts scopes. Izixhobo ezilahlekileyo, izihluzi, amatywina okanye iimanuwali zisenokungabizi kakhulu kwimvelaphi kwaye kube nzima ukuzibuyisela kwindawo ekude. Uluhlu lokupakisha oludityaniswe neefoto luyawunciphisa loo mngcipheko.
Imibuzo abathengi badla ngokuyibuza
Ngaba "ilori yokulahla i-10 yamavili" ihlala ithetha umthwalo ofanayo?
Hayi. Eli gama lidla ngokuchaza ilungiselelo lamatayara, kungekhona iklasi yomthwalo wendalo yonke. Umvuzo uxhomekeke kumlinganiselo wesithuthi, ubunzima betare, ukuhanjiswa kwe-asi, itayara kunye ne-asi elinganiselweyo, uyilo lomzimba kunye nemithetho esebenzayo apho ilori isebenza khona.
Ngaba ilori yokulahla i-6 × 4 ilungele umsebenzi wam?
Inokufanela iindlela zokuthutha umgodi kunye nolwakhiwo xa uloliwe ombane, amatayara, ukunqunyanyiswa, ukususwa komhlaba kunye nomzimba zihambelana nomsebenzi. Iindlela ezithambileyo kakhulu, ezinamaqhina okanye ezingalinganiyo kakhulu zinokufuna olunye ulungelelwaniso. Idatha yendlela kufuneka ithathe isigqibo ngempendulo.
Kufuneka kukhethwe njani umthamo womzimba?
Sebenzisa umthwalo ekujoliswe kuwo kunye noxinaniso lwenyani olukhululekileyo lwemathiriyeli, emva koko ujonge iziphumo ngokuchasene nemida ye-axle. Vumela ukuguquguquka koxinano kunye naluphi na umgca okanye ukuqinisa okutshintsha ubunzima be-tare. Umzimba omkhulu awungowomzimba womvuzo ophezulu ngokuzenzekelayo.
Yintoni ekufuneka ihlolwe ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa?
Qinisekisa isazisi sesithuthi, ulungelelwaniso olunikiweyo, imilinganiselo, amatayara, ukunyuswa komzimba, imisebenzi yombane, ukuvuza okubonakalayo, ukuphakamisa nokwehliswa kwehydraulic, ukusebenza kwe-tailgate, izincedisi, ii-spare parts namaxwebhu. Isicwangciso sokuhlola esivunyelweneyo kufuneka sichaze indlela yovavanyo kunye nerekhodi yokwamkelwa.
Lungiselela i-RFQ malunga nomsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ilori
Thumela ilizwe elisebenzayo, izixhobo kunye noluhlu loxinaniso, umthwalo ojoliswe kuwo, ukulayishwa kwezixhobo, umgama wokuthuthwa, ubuninzi begradient, imeko yendlela, indawo yokupakisha, iishifti ngosuku, iimpawu zomzimba ezifunwayo, umda wokuhlola, iimfuno zamaxwebhu, ubuninzi kunye nefestile yokuhanjiswa. Cela umniki-nkonzo ukuba abuyisele ulungelelwaniso olupheleleyo olunikiweyo, umzobo womzimba ocetywayo, ishedyuli yecandelo le-hydraulic, izikhewu ezibandakanyiweyo, uludwe lwamaxwebhu kunye nokunye ukutenxa kwisicelo.
Ezo nkcukacha zingangeniswa nge ifomu yombuzo weprojekthi yobugcisa. Impendulo eluncedo kufuneka yenze umda wobugcisa welori ubonakale phambi kokuthelekiswa kwexabiso okanye imvume yokuvelisa, ngakumbi apho intsingiselo yendawo ye "10 Wheeler" ihluke kwi-configuration engagqibekanga yomthengisi.
