Abathengi abathelekisa iilori zokulahla ezithengiswayo kufuneka baqale ngomsebenzi wokuthutha, hayi igama lemodeli okanye umvuzo wentloko. Ilori echanekileyo ixhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, ubunzima bokusebenza obusemthethweni okanye obulawulwa yisayithi, indlela yokulayisha, umgangatho wendlela, ibakala, umgama womjikelo, indawo yokucofa, imozulu, amandla enkonzo kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo. Ilori yemigodi enomzimba obanzi, i-dumper engqongqo esendleleni kunye nelori echaziweyo yokusombulula iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zezothutho nangona umthamo wemizimba yabo ubonakala ufana. Ngaphambi kokuba ucele ikowuti, chaza imvulophu yokusebenza kwaye ucele umboneleli ngamnye ukuba abuyisele imimandla yoqwalaselo efanayo, uqikelelo, ukutenxa kunye nobungqina. Oko kuguqula uluhlu lwamaxabiso lube lunikezelo oluthelekiseka ngokobugcisa.
Kutheni kufuneka abathengi bachaze iNkqubo yokuHal phambi kwelori?
Ilori yokulahla yinto enye kumjikelo wokulayisha, uthutho, wokothula nokubuyisela. Umthamo wayo oluncedo uxhomekeke ekubeni i-excavator okanye i-loader ingayizalisa ngokufanelekileyo, ingaba indlela iyayixhasa i-axle kunye nokulayishwa kwamatayara, nokuba indawo yokukhulula inika umhlaba ozinzileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-overhead, kunye nokuba isantya esingenanto sokubuya sihambelana nemithetho yesayithi. Ukukhetha isithuthi sisodwa kunokudala imigca kubuso bomthwalo, imithwalo engaphelelanga egqithisileyo, iimeko zokuncamisa ezingazinzanga okanye iimfuno zokulondolozwa kwesiza esingenako ukuzixhasa.
Okokuqala thatha isigqibo sokuba ingaba iyunithi iya kusebenza ikakhulu kumgodi ovaliweyo okanye kwindawo yokwakha, kwiindlela zikawonke-wonke, okanye kuzo zombini. Ukubhaliswa okusemthethweni, imilinganiselo kunye nemigaqo yokulayisha i-asi inokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwisithuthi esisendleleni, ngelixa ilori yesiza esibanzi kuphela ivavanywa ngokuchasene nejometri yendlela yasemgodini, ekujoliswe kuko kwimveliso kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lwesiza. Ezi ayizongqikelelo ezinokutshintshelana.
Ngawaphi amaNgeno eSicelo ekumele aQintywe kuqala?
| Igalelo lomthengi | Kutheni ibalulekile nje? | Uqinisekiso lomthengisi | Umngcipheko ukuba ulahlekile |
| Ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobuninzi | Idibanisa umthamo womzimba kumthwalo wokwenene womvuzo | Uhlobo lomzimba kunye nesiseko somthamo | Umthamo okanye ubunzima bokungafani |
| Ubunzima bokusebenza obulayishiwe | Ichaza i-chassis kunye nomsebenzi wokuqhuba | Inkcazo ngobuninzi kunye nokucingela | Uthelekiso lomthwalo olahlekisayo |
| Uhlobo lwendlela kunye nemeko | Ichaphazela ukutsala, amatayara kunye nomsebenzi wokunqunyanyiswa | Ubumbeko olucetyiswayo | Ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ubomi bokukhathala |
| Ibanga eliphezulu nelizinzileyo | Ukutshintsha ukuqalisa, ukupholisa kunye nomsebenzi wokuqhobosha | Uphononongo olusekwe kwindlela | Umjikelo ocothayo okanye umngcipheko wobushushu obugqithisileyo |
| Umgama wendlela enye kunye nemijikelo | Iseta imveliso kunye nemfuno yamafutha | Iingqikelelo zomjikelo womsebenzi | Uqikelelo lwemveliso olungeyonyani |
| Isilayishi okanye i-excavator | Ilawula umdlalo wokupasa kunye nefuthe lokulayisha | Ilayisha ukuhambelana | Imigca okanye umonakalo womzimba |
| Indawo yokutyela | Ilawula ukuzinza kunye nokukhutshwa | Ukulungiswa komzimba kunye nokunyuka | Ukukhutshwa okungakhuselekanga okanye okungasebenzisekiyo |
| Ukuphakama kunye nobushushu | Ichaphazela amandla kunye nophononongo lokupholisa | Ukunciphisa okanye uqwalaselo olulodwa | Umsebenzi ozinzileyo ongafanelekanga |
Kufuneka kuthelekiswe Njani Umthwalo Wokuhlawulwa kunye Nomthamo Womzimba?
Umthamo womzimba lixabiso lejometri; umvuzo lixabiso lobunzima. Ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobunzima obuvunyelweyo bokusebenza budibanisa ezimbini. Umzimba omkhulu othwele ilitye elishinyeneyo unokufikelela kubunzima obuvunyelweyo ngaphambi kokuba ugcwale, ngelixa izinto ezikhaphukhaphu zinokugcwalisa umzimba kuqala. Abathengi ke ngoko kufuneka banike inkcazo yezinto eziphathekayo kunye noxinano olulindelekileyo, emva koko bacele umboneleli ukuba achaze umthamo womzimba, isiseko somthwalo, uqikelelo lobunzima bezithuthi kunye nasiphi na isiza okanye umda wolawulo osetyenzisiweyo kwisindululo.
Isixhobo sokulayisha sibalulekile ngokunjalo. Ubungakanani bebhakethi, inani lokupasa, ukuphakama kokulahla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto emzimbeni kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle komjikelo kunye nefuthe. Ilori ebizwa ngokuba inkulu ayiziphuculi ngokuzenzekelayo iitoni ngeyure ukuba iyunithi yokulayisha idala amaxesha okudlula amade okanye ukuhanjiswa komthwalo okulambathayo.
Ingaba uMphezulu weNdlela, iBanga kunye neNdawo yokuJika iLutshintsha njani ukhetho?
Iindlela zolungiselelo ezigangathiweyo, iindlela ezixineneyo zekwari kunye neendlela ezithambileyo zasemgodini zenza iimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Abathengi kufuneka babhale ubuncinane bobubanzi bendlela, igophe lerayasi, uguqulo lweendlela eziphumayo, umphezulu okhululekileyo, imeko yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokuwohloka kwamaxesha onyaka. Idatha yeBakala kufuneka ibandakanye zombini i-slope ephezulu kunye nokuba iqhubeka ixesha elingakanani; irempu emfutshane kunye nokunyuka okuzinzileyo yimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ye-thermal kunye ne-drivetrain.
Utsalo alunakuchazwa kuqwalaselo lokuqhuba kuphela. Uhlobo lweTire kunye nobukhulu, imeko yomphezulu, ukulayishwa kwe-asi, ubunzima besithuthi kunye nomsebenzi wokusebenza unxibelelana. Ngokunjalo, ukusebenza ekwehleni kuzisa ukuqhobosheka kunye nomsebenzi wokurhoxisa kuphononongo. Cela umniki-nkonzo ukuba achaze ukuba loluphi uqikelelo lwendlela oluxhasa ulungelelwaniso olunikiweyo endaweni yokwamkela ingxelo jikelele yokuba ilori ikulungele ukusebenza kwemigodi okanye ukwakhiwa.
Kutheni kufuneka i-Powertrain iqwalaselwe kwakhona njengeNkqubo?
Imveliso ye-injini ifikelela emhlabeni ngokusasaza, ii-axles zokuqhuba kunye namatayara. Imodeli ye-injini, ukuhanjiswa kwetorque, umlinganiselo wegiya, umyinge we-asi, irediyasi eqengqelekayo kunye nobunzima bomthwalo kunye bumisela ukuqala, ukukhwela kunye nokuziphatha kokuhamba. Iikowuteshini ezimbini azinakulinganiswa ngokwamandla ehashe kuphela ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwazo, iiasi okanye amatayara ayahluka.
Ngonikezelo ngalunye, cela eyona modeli ichanekileyo kunye nothumelo, ubumbeko be-asi kunye nomlinganiselo, iinkcukacha zetayara, ulungiselelo lokupholisa kunye nomda wetanki yamafutha. Apho umthengisi anikezela ngezinye iindlela, ikowuteshini kufuneka ichaze ukuba yeyiphi intelekelelo yokusebenza kwiidilesi zokhetho ngalunye. Uluhlu lwemveliso-usapho alukho ubungqina bokuba zonke iinketho zibandakanyiwe kwiyunithi enye ecatshulweyo.
Ngowuphi uMzimba kunye neeNkcukacha zokuNceda ezichaphazela iSicelo esiFanelekileyo?
Umthengi kufuneka achonge imathiriyeli erhuqweyo, ukukrazuka kunye nokuvezwa kwempembelelo, isixhobo sokulayisha, ilungiselelo elifunekayo lasemva, indlela yokukhupha kunye nemida yongcoliseko. Umthengisi kufuneka aqinisekise imilinganiselo yomzimba, isiseko somthamo esichaziweyo, i-structural kunye ne-liner scope apho kufanelekileyo, ukulungiswa kwe-hoist kunye nokubandakanya ukhuseleko okanye iimpawu zokusebenza. Sukuqikelela ubukhulu bepleyiti, ibakala lemathiriyeli okanye ukunyuswa kokusebenza kwifoto; ezi kufuneka zichazwe kwikoteyishini okanye kumaxwebhu obugcisa alawulwayo.
Ukuhambelana kweengcebiso kukwaxhomekeke kumgangatho womgangatho, ukucoceka okuphezulu, ukuzinza komzimba kunye nenkqubo yesayithi. I-RFQ kufuneka ichaze indawo yokukhutshwa kunye naluphi na uthintelo lomzimba. Ukwamkelwa kufuneka kuqinisekise ulungelelwaniso olunikezelweyo kunye nemisebenzi elawulwayo phantsi kwenkqubo ekuvunyelwene ngayo, ingakhuthazi uvavanyo oluphuculweyo lwentsimi.
Xa iLori yeMigodi eBanzi iyindawo efanelekileyo yokuQala?
Ilori yemigodi enomzimba obanzi inokuba yindlela yovavanyo efanelekileyo yokuthutha indawo evaliweyo apho iimeko zendlela yemigodi, imijikelo yemveliso kunye nokugcinwa kwesiza kulawula isigqibo. Akufunekanga iphathwe ngokuzenzekelayo njengelingana nendawo yokulahla inkunkuma esendleleni. Abathengi banokuqala bajonge iJuxiang's uluhlu lwemveliso yelori yokulahla ukwahlula iintsapho zezithuthi ezikhoyo.
I Ilori yokulahla imigodi ye-HANWO ebanzi iphepha libonelela ngereferensi yosapho lwekhonkrithi kwingxoxo yeprojekthi. Umthengi kusafuneka afumane eyona injini ecatshulweyo, uthungelwano, iasi, amatayara, umzimba, ingcaciso yobunzima bokusebenza, isixhobo esizikhethelayo kunye namaxwebhu. Iphepha lewebhu lichonga indawo yovavanyo lokuqala; ikowuteshini evunyiweyo kunye neenkcukacha zichaza isithuthi esibonelelweyo.
Bubuphi Ubungqina Obenza Ukucaphula Okukhuphisanayo Kuthelekiswe?
Funa iphepha loqwalaselo elibotshelelwe kuhlaziyo locaphulo. Kufuneka yohlulwe umda osemgangathweni, izinto onokukhetha kuzo ezibandakanyiweyo, izinto ezingabandakanywayo kunye namagalelo omthengi asafuneka. Ubunzima kunye neenkcazo zomthamo kufuneka zicace. Imizobo yemveliso, imilinganiselo ye-interface, idatha yecandelo elikhulu, umda wokuhlola, iincwadana, isiphakamiso se-spare-parts kunye namaxwebhu athumela ngaphandle kufuneka achongwe ngokweprojekthi.
Irejista yothelekiso eluncedo inika umniki-nkonzo ngamnye iimpendulo ezine: Kuqinisekisiwe, ukutenxa, enye indlela, okanye ingeniso yomthengi iyafuneka. Oku kuveza iingcinga ezithe cwaka phambi kokukhululwa kwe-odolo yokuthenga. Ikwathintela ixabiso eliphantsi ekufihleni umzimba owahlukileyo, itayara, i-powertrain, uxwebhu okanye umda wokugunyazisa.
Zeziphi iindlela ezimfutshane eziQhelekileyo ezidala umngcipheko wokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo?
- Ukuthenga ngokomthamo womzimba: ukuxinana kwezinto kunye nobunzima obuvunyelweyo buhlala bungachazwa.
- Ukuthenga ngamandla ehashe: drivetrain, indlela kunye nomsebenzi wokupholisa azihoywa.
- Ukusebenzisa "ilori yemigodi" njengengcaciso epheleleyo: amagalelo endlela, ibakala kunye nomjikelo azikho.
- Ukuthelekisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha: amatayara, iilitha, iispare okanye amaxwebhu ahluka phakathi kweebhidi.
- Ukutsiba isicwangciso senkonzo yesiza: ugcino lwezakhono kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ezisecaleni ziqwalaselwa emva kokunikezelwa.
Kufuneka iquke ntoni i-RFQ yokulahla iLori yoRhwebo?
- Isixhobo sokurhuqa kunye nokuxinana kwesambuku esilindelekileyo.
- Ithagethi yomvuzo kunye nesiseko sobunzima bokusebenza.
- Indlela kawonke-wonke, indawo evaliweyo okanye umsebenzi oxubeneyo.
- Umgama wendlela enye, imijikelo kwishifti nganye kunye neeyure zokusebenza.
- Elona bakala liphezulu kunye nobude obuzinzileyo.
- Umphezulu wendlela, ububanzi, igophe kunye nemeko yamaxesha onyaka.
- Ukulayisha izixhobo, ubungakanani bebhakethi kunye nokubala okukhethiweyo kokupasa.
- Indlela yokukhupha, indawo yokuncamathela kunye nokucoca ngaphezulu.
- Umphakamo, uluhlu lweqondo lobushushu kunye neemeko zothuli.
- I-powertrain efunekayo, ulungelelwaniso lwedrayivu, amatayara kunye nokuqhobosha/ukucutha uphononongo.
- Umzimba, itailgate, iliner kunye ne-hoist iimfuno.
- Ukukhethwa kwamafutha kunye nemiqobo yokwengeza i-refueling.
- Uhlolo, iincwadana, izatifikethi kunye nobungqina bokwamkelwa.
- Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iimeko zenkonzo kunye nenkxaso yomqhubi/ulungiso olufunekayo.
- Ubungakanani, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, imigaqo yokuhanjiswa kunye neshedyuli.
Thumela la magalelo nge ifomu yombuzo weprojekthi yesithuthi sorhwebo. Cela umthengisi ukuba abuyisele ubume obunikiweyo, uqikelelo, iinxaxhi kunye nezinye iindlela phambi kokuthelekisa ixabiso okanye ukuvuma iyunithi.
